Mechanical Engineering Concepts Explanations

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1-   Torsion: When torque is applied to an object, the object twists. The twisting of the object under the applied torque is termed as torsion and is characterized as one of the mechanical failure modes.

2-   Buckling: When a structural member is subjected to a compressive load, the member may experience a sudden sideways deflection due to the presence of that load. This sudden deflection of the structural member is termed as buckling and is also characterized as one of the mechanical failure modes. 

3- Corrosion: Corrosion is the deterioration of the material with time. It occurs as a result of the chemical or electrochemical reaction of the material with its surrounding environment.  Corrosion is also characterized as one of the mechanical failure modes and usually occurs in metals.

4-  Impact: When an object experiences a sudden force for a short period of time, it is under impact.

5-  Deflection: When a structural member is displaced from its original position under the presence of the applied load,  the degree to which it is displaced under that load is termed as deflection.

6-  Work Hardening: It is the strengthening of the material (metal or polymer) by plastic deformation.

7-  Damped and undamped vibration: Damped and undamped vibrations correspond to two different types of vibration. Damped vibration is the one in which the energy of the vibrating object gets dissipated to the surrounding over time while undamped vibration is the one in which the vibrating object never loses its energy to the surroundings.

8-  Natural frequency: Every system has a frequency at which the system oscillates when it is not subjected to any kind of continuous or repeated external force. This frequency of oscillation of the system is termed as the natural frequency of the system.

9-   Resonance: When the frequency of the external force coincides with one of the natural frequencies of the system, resonance occurs and results in an increase in the amplitude of oscillation of the system.

10-  Damper: A damper is a device that helps dissipate excess energy from a system.